Is he a Marxist or is he not?
Chávez declared now that whoever says he promotes Marxism and socialism in Venezuela is a liar and should go to court. Now, although I am a capitalist who would be classified in Europe as rather centre, I have to say I have read a thing or two about socialism and communism if only because I am a history buff and have interests in Eastern Europe. I don't call people Marxist or communist just like that. On one side you have the extreme righties who see communism in the soup. Actor-turned-president Ronald Reagan once said: "How do you tell a Communist? Well, it's someone who reads Marx and Lenin. And how do you tell an anti-Communist? It's someone who understands Marx and Lenin". On the other side you have commies themselves saying "that was no communism" and "that was no communism either", as if communism were some kind of Nirvana or ever-moving target.
I consider Chávez is a "Marxist" and he is using communist tactics. He is a "Marxist", he has said so already many times. He is one, but not as many people think. People like Lenin and many of his admirers were mad for power but they also had a bit of idealism, even if it turned to be rather mortal. They also had knowledge of the meaning of terms they were using, not only of the effect of such terms. Chávez, on the other hand, uses Marxism purely for the sake of power, without the idealistic part and without any belief. He is a Marxist and anything else as long as that keeps him in power.
Of course, Chávez is coating it all with the pseudo-ideology of Bolivarianism, a pseudo-ideology that was first promoted by our first caudillo, Simón Bolívar, and used to a larger or lesser extent by every other single military caudillo we have had, ending with coup monger Chávez.
Bolivarianism...a pseudo-ideology
Bolívar supported some very good ideas - like many others before and after him - going from independence to unity among Latin American countries. He had also some clever thoughts about education. He thought Venezuela needed above all better technicians and scientists and not so many military and lawers (sorry to the lawers out there, no sorry to the military, specially if Venezuelan). He defended the rights of Indians and to a certain extent of black slaves, even if his attitude may not have been as nice as some thought.
On the other hand, Bolívar was mad for power. He wanted to become president for life and it was only because he did not get it from Colombia that he had to give up. He was so pretentious as to claim for himself the title of the Liberator. He was very aware of history and he did all he could to promote a personality cult around himself with no parallels in any other part of America. Bolívar was also more than once a coward. He gave up Puerto Cabello for nothing. He delivered Miranda to the Spaniards so as to be able to escape from the Spaniards, an event that is incredibly explained in Venezuela as "he gave Miranda to the Spaniards because he thought Miranda was betraying Venezuelans (to the Spaniards!).
Bolívar was rather conservative when it came to economics. He loved wars and insisted on leading them and as he did not have enough money to pay his military men, he decided to promise them land and more land and that is what they got. Venezuela got its independence in worse conditions than others: most of the best educated died in the many battles from Venezuela to Bolivia, most of the land fell in the hands of the surviving - and not necessarily better qualified - military and the debts for weapon purchases was huge. Some people think Páez was the one who initiated caudillismo in Venezuela, but it was Bolívar himself.
Bolívar was also a centralist and this is something that has stuck very much with Chávez. He knows that he can only control a country where he is the one decided where every single cent goes.
Chavismo: a method
Anyway: is this what Chávez thinks of Bolivarianism? Not really, there is no real coherent Bolivarian ideology. Chávez takes what he likes from Bolívar's mythology and from anything else that suits him. And that is Chavismo, the real thing. Chavismo is not really an ideology but a method, it is a method that uses any useful bit of other ideologies or pseudo-ideologies to help coup monger Chávez and his military friends to remain in power forever.
Chavismo is about personality cult, it is about promoting resentment, about the eternal foreign and national enemies, it is about milking the oil cow until the bitter end. And Chávez will use Soviet and Cuban-style methods any time he can.
Chávez declared now that whoever says he promotes Marxism and socialism in Venezuela is a liar and should go to court. Now, although I am a capitalist who would be classified in Europe as rather centre, I have to say I have read a thing or two about socialism and communism if only because I am a history buff and have interests in Eastern Europe. I don't call people Marxist or communist just like that. On one side you have the extreme righties who see communism in the soup. Actor-turned-president Ronald Reagan once said: "How do you tell a Communist? Well, it's someone who reads Marx and Lenin. And how do you tell an anti-Communist? It's someone who understands Marx and Lenin". On the other side you have commies themselves saying "that was no communism" and "that was no communism either", as if communism were some kind of Nirvana or ever-moving target.
I consider Chávez is a "Marxist" and he is using communist tactics. He is a "Marxist", he has said so already many times. He is one, but not as many people think. People like Lenin and many of his admirers were mad for power but they also had a bit of idealism, even if it turned to be rather mortal. They also had knowledge of the meaning of terms they were using, not only of the effect of such terms. Chávez, on the other hand, uses Marxism purely for the sake of power, without the idealistic part and without any belief. He is a Marxist and anything else as long as that keeps him in power.
Of course, Chávez is coating it all with the pseudo-ideology of Bolivarianism, a pseudo-ideology that was first promoted by our first caudillo, Simón Bolívar, and used to a larger or lesser extent by every other single military caudillo we have had, ending with coup monger Chávez.
Bolivarianism...a pseudo-ideology
Bolívar supported some very good ideas - like many others before and after him - going from independence to unity among Latin American countries. He had also some clever thoughts about education. He thought Venezuela needed above all better technicians and scientists and not so many military and lawers (sorry to the lawers out there, no sorry to the military, specially if Venezuelan). He defended the rights of Indians and to a certain extent of black slaves, even if his attitude may not have been as nice as some thought.
On the other hand, Bolívar was mad for power. He wanted to become president for life and it was only because he did not get it from Colombia that he had to give up. He was so pretentious as to claim for himself the title of the Liberator. He was very aware of history and he did all he could to promote a personality cult around himself with no parallels in any other part of America. Bolívar was also more than once a coward. He gave up Puerto Cabello for nothing. He delivered Miranda to the Spaniards so as to be able to escape from the Spaniards, an event that is incredibly explained in Venezuela as "he gave Miranda to the Spaniards because he thought Miranda was betraying Venezuelans (to the Spaniards!).
Bolívar was rather conservative when it came to economics. He loved wars and insisted on leading them and as he did not have enough money to pay his military men, he decided to promise them land and more land and that is what they got. Venezuela got its independence in worse conditions than others: most of the best educated died in the many battles from Venezuela to Bolivia, most of the land fell in the hands of the surviving - and not necessarily better qualified - military and the debts for weapon purchases was huge. Some people think Páez was the one who initiated caudillismo in Venezuela, but it was Bolívar himself.
Bolívar was also a centralist and this is something that has stuck very much with Chávez. He knows that he can only control a country where he is the one decided where every single cent goes.
Chavismo: a method
Anyway: is this what Chávez thinks of Bolivarianism? Not really, there is no real coherent Bolivarian ideology. Chávez takes what he likes from Bolívar's mythology and from anything else that suits him. And that is Chavismo, the real thing. Chavismo is not really an ideology but a method, it is a method that uses any useful bit of other ideologies or pseudo-ideologies to help coup monger Chávez and his military friends to remain in power forever.
Chavismo is about personality cult, it is about promoting resentment, about the eternal foreign and national enemies, it is about milking the oil cow until the bitter end. And Chávez will use Soviet and Cuban-style methods any time he can.